Oral Cancer Induced by Betel Quid with C ytochrome P450 Gene Family: A Mini Review- Juniper Publishers


JUNIPER PUBLISHERS- OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY

Oral Cancer Induced by Betel Quid with C ytochrome P450 Gene Family: A Mini Review

Authored by Aniket Adhikari


Abstract
 
Betel quid (BQ) products have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as group 1 human carcinogens that are associated with an elevated risk of oral cancers. The human genome encodes fifty-seven cytochrome P45O (P45O, or CYP) proteins. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during betel quid chewing in the oral cavity. The present mini review focuses on the mechanism of CYP450 with betel quid which induces oral cancer. Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are the sixth leading cancer by incidence worldwide. The annual incidence of head and neck cancers worldwide is more than 5,50,000 cases with around 3,00,000 deaths each year. Male to female ratio ranges from 2:1 to 4:1. About 90% of all head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). HNSCCs arise in larynx and hypo pharynx, the epithelial lining of the oral cavity and oropharynx. In South Central Asia 80% of head and neck cancer are found in oral cavity and oropharynx.


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